Aşıklıhöyük
Aşıklıhöyük is a
settlement mound located nearly 1 km south of Kızılkaya village
on the bank of the Melendiz brook, and 25 kilometers southeast
of Aksaray, Turkey. Aşıklıhöyük is located in an area covered by
the volcanic tuff of central Cappadocia, in Aksaray Province.
The archaeological site of Aşıklı Höyük was first settled in the
Pre-Pottery Neolithic period, around 8200 BC.
It is situated 1119.5 metres above sea level, a little higher
than the region's average of c. 1000 metres. The site itself is
about 4 ha, considerably smaller than the closely situated site
of Çatalhöyük (13 ha). The surrounding landscape is formed by
erosion of river valleys into tuff deposits. The Melendiz
Valley, where the Aşıklı Höyük is located, constitutes a
favourable, fertile, and diverse habitat. The proximity to an
obsidian source did become the base of a trade with the material
supplying areas as far away as today's Cyprus and Iraq.
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Radyokarbon örneklerinin sonuçlarına göre, Aşıklı Höyük’te
yerleşiklik MÖ 9. bin yılda başlar ve MÖ 8. bin yıl sonuna dek
sürer. Yerleşme yaklaşık olarak MÖ 8200-7500 arasına
tarihlenmektedir. Aşıklı topluluğu, bu bin yıla yakın süre
boyunca yerleşimi hiç terk etmez. Bu kesintisiz iskan süreci,
yerleşim düzeni ve mimaride radikal değişim ve dönüşümler ile ve
aynı zamanda ekonomide ve teknolojide oldukça yavaş ve kademeli
bir değişim ile birlikte takip edilebilmektedir. Bu bağlamda
Aşıklılılar, bölgede yerleşikliğe geçen ilk
avcı-toplayıcılardandır ve gerek ilk yerleşiklik süreçleri
gerekse de bin yıllık iskan süreci içerisinde yerleşikliğe
adaptasyon ile birlikte yaşam biçimleri teknik, sosyal, kültürel,
bilişsel boyutlarda tümüyle okunabilmektedir. Kısaca diyebiliriz
ki, insanlık tarihinin en önemli değişim ve dönüşüm
süreçlerinden biri olarak avcı-toplayıcı ve göçer yaşamdan
yerleşik yaşama geçiş süreci Orta Anadolu’nun Volkanik Kapadokya
Bölgesi’nde Aşıklı Höyük özelinde izlenebilmektedir.
Mimarlık tarihinin önemli gelişim ve dönüşüm süreçleri Aşıklı
Höyük’te adım adım izlenebilmektedir. Mimaride saz ve ağaç gibi
doğadan doğrudan temin edilebilen organik malzemelerin kullanımı,
kerpiç üretimi ve kerpicin çeşitli şekillerde inşa malzemesi
olarak tercih edilmesi, oval planlı kulübelerden dörtgen planlı
konutlara geçiş ve yerleşme düzeninde dönüşüm gibi Yakın Doğu
Neolitik Çağ mimarisini karakterize eden önemli dönüm noktaları
ve değişim süreçleri Orta Anadolu Neolitiği bağlamında Aşıklı
Höyük’te bin yıllık kesintisiz bir iskan sürecine paralel olarak
takip edilebilmektedir.
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TransAnatolie
Tour (Multi-Lingual Cultural Tour Operator)
TransAnatolie Tour is a subgroup of Anadolu
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Turkish Ministry of Culture and Tourism (Licence
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Turkish Association at the United Nations,
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TransAnatolie Tour
- A - Group
License N°4938 - The Turkish Ministry of Culture and Tourism
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